California Weather
Weather in California, United States: current conditions, forecast, warnings, monthly averages and seasonal guide
Hourly forecast
7-day forecast for California
| Day | Conditions | Rain | Temp | Summary | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Today31 Mar | Moderate rain | 34%6.6mm | 20°C13°C | Moderate rain with a high of 20°C and low of 13°C. 34% chance of rain, up to 6.6mm. UV index 2.9 (low). | |
| Wed1 Apr | Overcast | 31% | 15°C11°C | Overcast with a high of 15°C and low of 11°C. 31% chance of rain. UV index 4.4 (moderate). | |
| Thu2 Apr | Light drizzle | 50%0.4mm | 17°C6°C | Light drizzle with a high of 17°C and low of 6°C. 50% chance of rain, up to 0.4mm. UV index 6.8 (high). | |
| Fri3 Apr | Clear sky | 0% | 22°C6°C | Clear sky with a high of 22°C and low of 6°C. No rain expected. UV index 6.9 (high). | |
| Sat4 Apr | Partly cloudy | 0% | 25°C9°C | Partly cloudy with a high of 25°C and low of 9°C. No rain expected. UV index 6.9 (high). | |
| Sun5 Apr | Overcast | 0% | 27°C12°C | Overcast with a high of 27°C and low of 12°C. No rain expected. UV index 6.6 (high). | |
| Mon6 Apr | Overcast | 1% | 27°C14°C | Overcast with a high of 27°C and low of 14°C. 1% chance of rain. UV index 6.5 (high). |
Extended outlook — days 8 to 14
Extended forecasts beyond 7 days are less reliable and should be used as a general guide only.
| Day | Conditions | Rain | Temp | Summary | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tue7 Apr | Partly cloudy | 11% | 24°C10°C | Partly cloudy with a high of 24°C and low of 10°C. 11% chance of rain. UV index 6.8 (high). | |
| Wed8 Apr | Clear sky | 6% | 22°C9°C | Clear sky with a high of 22°C and low of 9°C. 6% chance of rain. UV index 6.8 (high). | |
| Thu9 Apr | Clear sky | 3% | 25°C11°C | Clear sky with a high of 25°C and low of 11°C. 3% chance of rain. UV index 6.7 (high). | |
| Fri10 Apr | Mainly clear | 4% | 21°C9°C | Mainly clear with a high of 21°C and low of 9°C. 4% chance of rain. UV index 6.7 (high). | |
| Sat11 Apr | Clear sky | 4% | 20°C7°C | Clear sky with a high of 20°C and low of 7°C. 4% chance of rain. UV index 6.7 (high). | |
| Sun12 Apr | Overcast | 0% | 23°C8°C | Overcast with a high of 23°C and low of 8°C. No rain expected. UV index 6.4 (high). | |
| Mon13 Apr | Overcast | 6% | 23°C10°C | Overcast with a high of 23°C and low of 10°C. 6% chance of rain. UV index 6.8 (high). |
Sun & Moon — California
UV Index — California
No protection needed. You can safely enjoy being outside.
Air Quality — California
Air quality is acceptable. Unusually sensitive people should consider limiting prolonged outdoor exertion.
Air quality data from Open-Meteo
Climate overview
California experiences a diverse range of climates, predominantly characterized by a Mediterranean climate (Csa/Csb) along its coastal and central regions, extending into parts of the Central Valley. This classification implies warm to hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. The state's vast latitudinal extent and varied topography, including the Sierra Nevada mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west, create significant climatic variations across its diverse regions. Geographic factors such as the cool Pacific Ocean, the California Current, and the blocking effect of mountain ranges critically influence these patterns.
The cool California Current, an eastern boundary current, flows southward along the coast, bringing cold water from the North Pacific. This current significantly moderates coastal temperatures, leading to cooler summers and milder winters compared to inland areas at similar latitudes. It also contributes to the frequent summer fog along the coast, which provides essential moisture to coastal ecosystems and further suppresses summer temperatures. Prevailing westerly winds carry this maritime influence inland, though its effect diminishes rapidly away from the coast, leading to more extreme temperature swings in the interior.
Altitude plays a crucial role in California's climate. The Sierra Nevada mountains create a rain shadow effect, significantly reducing precipitation in areas to their east, such as the Owens Valley. These mountains also experience an alpine climate (ET/EF) with heavy winter snowfall, contrasting sharply with the arid and semi-arid climates (BWh/BSk) found in the southeastern deserts, like Death Valley, which holds records for some of the hottest temperatures globally. This complex interplay of oceanic influence, mountain ranges, and latitude accounts for the state's remarkable climatic diversity, making it unique compared to many other regions in North America.
For instance, while coastal cities like San Francisco share the Csb classification with parts of the Mediterranean Basin, their specific microclimates are shaped by the intense marine layer. Inland areas, particularly the Central Valley, exhibit more pronounced Csa characteristics, with hotter, drier summers akin to inland Spain or parts of Greece. Further east, the deserts rival regions like the Sahara in aridity and extreme heat. This climatic variability means that within California, one can experience conditions ranging from sub-arctic in the high Sierras to subtropical desert in the south, all within a few hundred kilometers.
California receives The average annual rainfall across California is highly variable, ranging from less than 50 mm (2 inches) in desert regions to over 2,500 mm (100 inches) in the northwestern mountains and high Sierra Nevada. In major population centers like Sacramento, the average is around 470 mm (18.5 inches), while Los Angeles receives about 380 mm (15 inches). This contrasts with the national average, highlighting the state's distinct wet-winter, dry-summer pattern. of rainfall annually, with the wettest months from December, January, and February are typically the wettest months across most of California, with January often receiving the highest rainfall. The state experiences a distinctly Mediterranean precipitation pattern, concentrating nearly all its annual rainfall during the cooler winter period.. California boasts an impressive annual total of sunshine hours, often exceeding 3,000 hours in many inland areas, making it one of the sunniest states in the U.S. Coastal regions receive slightly less due to summer fog, averaging closer to 2,500-2,800 hours. This translates to daily averages of 10-14 hours in summer across much of the state, decreasing to 6-9 hours in winter.
The abundance of sunshine leads to high UV index values, especially during summer and at higher altitudes, necessitating diligent sun protection. The ample sunlight strongly influences California's outdoor-centric lifestyle, supporting a wide range of activities from beach recreation and hiking to agriculture, making it a key factor in the state's appeal.
California's varied topography and proximity to the Pacific Ocean create numerous distinct microclimates. Along the coast, the moderating influence of the ocean results in cooler summers and milder winters, often accompanied by summer fog and a persistent sea breeze, as seen in cities like San Francisco.
Moving inland, the urban heat island effect is noticeable in major metropolitan areas, where concrete and asphalt absorb and re-emit heat, leading to higher nighttime temperatures compared to surrounding rural areas. Elevation differences, particularly in the Sierra Nevada and other mountain ranges, lead to rapid changes in temperature and precipitation over short distances, with higher elevations experiencing significantly colder temperatures and heavier snowfall.
Rain shadow effects are prominent east of mountain ranges, such as the Sierra Nevada, resulting in arid desert conditions. Conversely, some coastal mountain ranges can enhance rainfall on their western slopes. These microclimatic variations mean that local weather can differ significantly even between adjacent towns, often requiring specific local forecasts.
Monthly averages for California
Climate data sourced from National Weather Service (NWS) climate data for various Californian locations. Summer temperatures range from Coastal areas typically experience summer temperatures ranging from 18°C to 24°C (64°F to 75°F), while inland valleys can see temperatures soar from 28°C to 38°C (82°F to 100°F), with even higher extremes in desert regions., while winter sits between Winter temperatures along the coast generally range from 8°C to 15°C (46°F to 59°F). Inland valleys experience cooler winters, typically between 2°C and 12°C (36°F to 54°F), with freezing temperatures common at night. Mountainous regions remain significantly colder, with extensive snowfall..
| Month | Avg High | Avg Low | Rain (mm) | Rain Days |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 14°C | 4°C | 94 | 9 |
| February | 16°C | 5°C | 91 | 8 |
| March | 18°C | 6°C | 71 | 8 |
| April | 21°C | 7°C | 33 | 5 |
| May | 26°C | 10°C | 15 | 3 |
| June | 30°C | 13°C | 5 | 1 |
| July | 33°C | 15°C | 3 | 0 |
| August | 32°C | 15°C | 3 | 0 |
| September | 30°C | 13°C | 8 | 1 |
| October | 25°C | 9°C | 28 | 3 |
| November | 18°C | 6°C | 66 | 7 |
| December | 14°C | 4°C | 86 | 8 |
Water temperature
Along the California coast, ocean water temperatures vary significantly by season and latitude. During summer, the water generally ranges from 18
22°C (64-72°F), making it moderately comfortable for swimming and various water sports, particularly in Southern California's calmer coves and protected beaches like La Jolla Cove or Laguna Beach.
In winter, ocean temperatures cool considerably, typically falling between 12-16°C (54-61°F). At these temperatures, wetsuits are highly recommended for surfing, diving, and extended swimming for comfort and safety. Northern California waters remain cooler year-round due to the stronger influence of the California Current.
Estuary and bay temperatures, such as in San Francisco Bay or Morro Bay, can be slightly warmer and less affected by immediate ocean swells. The marine environment supports diverse marine life, including various fish species, seals, and dolphins, which are adapted to these cool, nutrient-rich waters.
Summer water temperatures around California range from 18 22°C (64-72°F), cooling to 12-16°C (54-61°F) in winter.
Things to do this spring in California
Spring in California brings generally mild and pleasant weather, though conditions can still be variable. Pack layers, including lighter clothing for warm days and a medium jacket or sweater for cooler mornings and evenings. Sunscreen and hats are essential, as UV levels rapidly increase, especially by May. Wildflower viewing is a popular activity, and carrying allergy medication may be helpful for those sensitive to pollen.
Driving conditions are generally excellent, but flash flooding can still occur in some areas if late-season storms bring heavy rain, particularly in burn scar areas. Roads to mountain passes may still be closed due to snow early in the season; always check Caltrans. For coastal activities, while air temperatures are comfortable, ocean waters remain cool, so wetsuits are still recommended for swimming or surfing.
This is a fantastic time for outdoor exploring before the summer heat intensifies. Event calendars fill up with various festivals and outdoor markets. Early mornings can be crisp, so a light jacket is almost always a good idea, even if the afternoon promises warmth.
- Wildflower viewing in Antelope Valley Poppy Reserve
- Visit Universal Studios Hollywood
- Explore Monterey Bay Aquarium
- Hiking in Griffith Park to the Hollywood Sign
- Attend the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival
- Kayaking in La Jolla Caves
- Stroll through Balboa Park, San Diego
Best time to visit California
The best time to visit California largely depends on the desired activities and specific region within the state, given its vast climatic diversity. Generally, the shoulder seasons of spring (April-May) and autumn (September-October) offer ideal conditions across many areas.
During these periods, temperatures are pleasantly mild, rainfall is minimal, and popular attractions are less crowded than in peak summer. Spring offers wildflower blooms and comfortable hiking, while autumn provides vibrant fall foliage in mountainous regions and excellent conditions for wine tasting. Coastal areas are particularly pleasant in autumn after the summer fog has receded.
Summer (June-August) is peak tourist season, ideal for beach activities and national park visits, but expect high temperatures inland, significant crowds, and higher prices. Winter (November-March) is best for skiing in the Sierra Nevada. Visitors should avoid planning extensive desert trips in summer due to extreme heat and be aware of potential heavy rainfall and limited mountain access during winter storms.
Weather radar — California
Weather warnings & safety
California is exposed to a range of severe weather phenomena, primarily driven by its unique geography and climate patterns. Drought is a recurring and significant concern, sometimes lasting for several years, leading to widespread water shortages, agricultural impacts, and heightened bushfire risks. When droughts break, heavy winter "atmospheric rivers" can deliver intense rainfall, leading to widespread flooding, mudslides, and debris flows, particularly in areas scarred by recent wildfires.
Bushfires and wildfires are an annual threat, especially during the dry summer and autumn months, fueled by Santa Ana winds in the south and Diablo winds in the north, which fan flames and exacerbate fire conditions. Heatwaves are common in inland areas during summer, with temperatures often exceeding 38°C, posing health risks. Thunderstorms, while less frequent than in other parts of the U.S., can occur, particularly in mountainous and desert regions, bringing lightning and flash floods.
Coastal areas are susceptible to storm surges and coastal erosion during strong winter storms. Frost can be a risk in inland valleys during winter. While tropical cyclones generally weaken significantly before reaching California, their remnants can occasionally bring heavy rainfall and strong winds. The state does not experience tornadoes or hurricanes/typhoons in the same way as the Midwest or Gulf Coast.
Weather near California
Frequently asked questions about California weather
What is the weather in California right now?
Right now in California it is 19°C and overcast. Today's high is 20°C with a low of 13°C. Humidity is at 63%. Wind is S at 15 km/h.
What is the 14-day forecast for California?
Today (31 Mar): Moderate rain with a high of 20°C and low of 13°C. 34% chance of rain, up to 6.6mm. UV index 2.9 (low). Wed (1 Apr): Overcast with a high of 15°C and low of 11°C. 31% chance of rain. UV index 4.4 (moderate). Thu (2 Apr): Light drizzle with a high of 17°C and low of 6°C. 50% chance of rain, up to 0.4mm. UV index 6.8 (high). Fri (3 Apr): Clear sky with a high of 22°C and low of 6°C. No rain expected. UV index 6.9 (high). Sat (4 Apr): Partly cloudy with a high of 25°C and low of 9°C. No rain expected. UV index 6.9 (high). Sun (5 Apr): Overcast with a high of 27°C and low of 12°C. No rain expected. UV index 6.6 (high). Mon (6 Apr): Overcast with a high of 27°C and low of 14°C. 1% chance of rain. UV index 6.5 (high). Tue (7 Apr): Partly cloudy with a high of 24°C and low of 10°C. 11% chance of rain. UV index 6.8 (high). Wed (8 Apr): Clear sky with a high of 22°C and low of 9°C. 6% chance of rain. UV index 6.8 (high). Thu (9 Apr): Clear sky with a high of 25°C and low of 11°C. 3% chance of rain. UV index 6.7 (high). Fri (10 Apr): Mainly clear with a high of 21°C and low of 9°C. 4% chance of rain. UV index 6.7 (high). Sat (11 Apr): Clear sky with a high of 20°C and low of 7°C. 4% chance of rain. UV index 6.7 (high). Sun (12 Apr): Overcast with a high of 23°C and low of 8°C. No rain expected. UV index 6.4 (high). Mon (13 Apr): Overcast with a high of 23°C and low of 10°C. 6% chance of rain. UV index 6.8 (high).
What is the air quality in California today?
The current air quality index in California is 36 (European AQI), rated "Fair". Air quality is acceptable. Unusually sensitive people should consider limiting prolonged outdoor exertion. PM2.5 is 10.7 µg/m³. PM10 is 15 µg/m³.
What is the weather like in California?
California experiences a Mediterranean climate with distinctive wet winters and dry summers, though conditions vary widely across the state due to its vast size and diverse topography. Coastal areas are moderated by the Pacific Ocean, leading to mild temperatures year-round, while inland regions, including the Central Valley and deserts, experience hotter summers and colder winters. Mountainous areas have alpine climates with heavy snowfall in winter.
What are the average temperatures in California?
Average temperatures fluctuate significantly across California. Along the coast, summer highs are typically 18-24°C, and winter lows are 8-15°C. Inland valleys frequently see summer highs of 28-38°C and winter lows of 2-12°C. Desert regions can exceed 40°C in summer. These broad ranges highlight the importance of checking city-specific forecasts.
When is the best time to visit California for sightseeing?
The shoulder seasons of spring (April-May) and autumn (September-October) are generally the best times for sightseeing across much of California. Temperatures are mild, crowds are thinner, and the weather is ideal for exploring cities, national parks, and coastal attractions. Spring offers wildflowers, while autumn provides beautiful fall foliage and comfortable conditions for wine tasting.
What unique microclimates does California have?
California's diverse geography creates distinct microclimates. Coastal areas benefit from marine layer effects, resulting in cooler, foggier summers. Inland valleys experience an urban heat island effect, while mountain ranges create significant temperature and precipitation gradients. Rain shadows are prominent east of mountains, leading to arid conditions in deserts like Death Valley.
Does California get severe weather?
Yes, California faces several severe weather risks. These include recurring droughts, intense winter
What is the typical wind speed in California?
Wind patterns across California are highly localized. Along the coast, sea breezes are common, providing cooling in the afternoons, typically 15-25 km/h. Inland valleys can be calmer, but certain areas experience strong, dry Santa Ana winds in Southern California and Diablo winds in Northern California during autumn and winter, which can exceed 60-80 km/h and fuel wildfires. Mountain passes also experience strong, gusty winds.
What is the UV index like in California, and how should I protect myself?
California generally experiences high to very high UV index values, especially during summer months and at higher altitudes. Daily peaks often occur between 10 AM and 4 PM. It is crucial to use broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30+, wear wide-brimmed hats and sunglasses, and seek shade during peak UV hours to protect against sun damage and reduce the risk of skin cancer. Even on cloudy days, UV radiation can be significant.
How much rainfall does California receive, and when are the wettest months?
California's annual rainfall varies drastically, from less than 50 mm in deserts to over 2,500 mm in mountainous northwest regions. Most inhabited areas receive 300-800 mm. The wettest months are typically December, January, and February, with January often seeing the highest precipitation across the state. Summers are predominantly dry, often receiving negligible rainfall.
When are sunrise and sunset times in California?
Sunrise and sunset times in California vary significantly throughout the year due to the state's latitude and the observance of Daylight Saving Time. In mid-summer (e.g., July), sunrise can be as early as 5:45 AM and sunset as late as 8:30 PM. In mid-winter (e.g., December), sunrise may be around 7:20 AM and sunset around 4:50 PM. Check the dedicated sunrise-sunset page for precise daily times and daylight hours.
What are the moon phases in California?
The moon phases visible in California follow the standard lunar cycle, transitioning through new moon, first quarter, full moon, and last quarter approximately every 29.5 days. The specific visibility of each phase depends on the nightly conditions, such as cloud cover. The 'Sunrise & Sunset' sub-page provides detailed information on current and upcoming moon phases, including illumination percentages, which are useful for stargazing or planning night activities.
What is the air quality like in California?
Air quality in California can vary significantly by region and season. Major metropolitan areas and agricultural regions can experience elevated levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) and ozone, particularly during summer due to heat and stagnant air, or during wildfire events. Air quality is often better along the coast thanks to ocean breezes. Check the 'Air Quality' sub-page for real-time AQI, primary pollutant levels, and health advice for your specific location.
Is it safe to swim in the ocean water in California?
Swimming in California's ocean waters is generally safe, but comfort levels vary with temperature. Summer water temperatures range from 18-22°C (64-72°F) in Southern California, while Northern California remains cooler. Wetsuits are often recommended for extended swimming or surfing, especially outside of peak summer. Always check for local advisories regarding water quality, rip currents, or marine life interactions before entering the water, particularly after heavy rainfall.
What should I wear for a trip to California?
Given California's diverse climates, layering is key. For coastal areas, pack light layers, including a jacket, even in summer, due to cool evenings and fog. Inland areas require lighter clothing in summer, with warmer layers for winter. If traveling to mountains, bring warm, waterproof gear and potentially snow chains in winter. Always include sunscreen, a hat, and comfortable walking shoes, regardless of the season or region.
How does California's climate compare to other regions?
California's Mediterranean climate shares characteristics with regions like the Mediterranean Basin (e.g., parts of Spain, Italy, Greece) with its dry, warm summers and mild, wet winters. However, California's extreme internal variations, from alpine mountains to arid deserts, offer a wider range of climatic experiences similar to what might be found across vastly different countries. Its coastal moderation is akin to parts of Australia’s southern coasts, but with unique atmospheric river phenomena.
When do wildfires typically occur in California?
Wildfires are a significant concern in California, particularly during the late summer and autumn months (roughly August through November), following prolonged dry periods. These fires are often exacerbated by strong, dry winds like the Santa Ana winds in the south and Diablo winds in the north. The risk remains high until significant winter rainfall commences, typically in December. Always check local fire danger warnings and evacuation information.
What are the driving conditions like in California in winter?
Winter driving conditions in California can range from excellent to hazardous. Coastal and valley roads are generally clear, but heavy rainfall can cause slick surfaces, localized flooding, and rockslides on canyon roads. Mountain roads, particularly in the Sierra Nevada, frequently experience snow and ice, requiring tire chains or 4WD. Always check Caltrans road conditions and chain control requirements before traveling to mountainous areas in winter, and carry an emergency kit.
What is the best time for surfing in California?
While surfing is a year-round activity in California, the best time generally depends on wave preferences and location. Autumn (September-November) and winter (December-February) often bring larger, more consistent swells from North Pacific storms, especially to Northern and Central California. Southern California offers more moderate, consistent waves year-round. Water temperatures are cooler in winter, making wetsuits essential for comfort across all regions.